???????? ???????? ??????????? ??? ??? ??? ??????, ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ?????. ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ???? period ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ???, “????” ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ????????? ??? ?????? ??????????? ??.
???????, ???? ???? ?????????? ??????? ?? age ? ???? ????? ???? ??. “?? age ?” ??? ??? ??????? ??? ???, ???? ????????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??. ?????????? ??????? ??? ???? ????????????? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????????? ???????.
?? ?????????? ??????????? ??? “?? age ?” ?? ????????? ??? ???????????? ????? ?? ??.
1959: ??? ???? ?????? ????? ???????????? ???????? ????????????? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?? age ? ???? ????? jb-59 ?????? ??? ???;
1964: ??? ?????????? ???? ???????, ???? - 64 ??? ????? ??? ???;
1982: ???? ??? ??????????? ???????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? jb-82 ?????????????? ??? ?? ???, ??? ????????? ???? ?????????? ???? ??? “??? ??????” ?? ????? ?????? ??? ???;
1989: ???? ????? ???? ?? age ? ?????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ?????;
1991: ???? ??? ??????????? ????? ?????????, ?? age ?, GB / t13306-91
?????????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? "??????? ?? sign ??" ?? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ??, ??? ??????? ?????????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????. ??? ??????????? ???? , ??? ???????? ???? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??.
1. ???????? ???????? ????????
（1 the ?????????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ???, ??? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ????????? ?? ??????? ?? ????????? ??? ???????????.
(2) ??? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ????.
??? ?????? ?????, ??????????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????????? ??? ?? ?????.
??? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?????
??? ??????? ?????????, ??? ?? ?????
??????? - ??? ??????? ?????????, ??????? ?? ????? ???? ??????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ???? ????.
??? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ???????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????????? ??? ?? ??????????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ????????????? ????? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ????. ??? ????? ???????, ???? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ??????? ????. ???????? ??? ?? ???????????? ??? ????????, ????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??.
C. ??? ?????, ????? ?????, ?????? ?????, ??? ??????? ?? ????? ????????? ????? ???????? GB4457.3 ?? ????????? ??? ???? ??.
??. ???? ???? (???????????? ??????) ?? ???? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???, ???????? ???? ???????????? ?????? ??.
E. ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ????????? ??, ???? ?? ??? ?????? GB3100 ?? ???????????? ?????? ??.
6. ??????
??????? - ???? ?????????? ???????? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ???? ?? ?????. ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????.
(?) ??????? ???????? ?????????? ??? 1, ??? 2, ??? 3 ?? ??? 4;
?) ?? ??????? ???? 0Cr19Ni9, 1Cr18Ni9 ?? 1Cr17;
(?) ?????? ????, ???? ??? ?? ???? ???? ????;
()) ??? ??????? ?? ??? ??????????;
(?) ?????? ????? / ??? 62 (??? 68) ?? ????? ???????? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????.
?. ??????? ????????? ???? (??????? ?? ?????? ????) ?????, ??????, ???? ???? ??? ?? ????? ???? ???? to ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??????????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?????.
C. ?????????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ?????????? thickness ??? ??? ????? ??????? ????: 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.8mm, 1.0mm, 1.2mm, 1.5mm, 2.0mm, 3.0mm, 4.0mm.
??? ?????? ??????? ?? age ? ???? ?.
????? ????????
??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????, ????????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????. ??????? ???? ?? ???????? ??? ?????. ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????, ?????? ??? ?????, ???? ??????? ?????.
???, ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? thickness ??? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????, ???????? ???????? ????? ?????, ???? ?????????? ????? ?????.
(3) ???? surface ?? ????????? ?? ???????? ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ????, ??, ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????. ?????? ??????, ??????, ?????, ???????, ????, ????? ?? signs ? ?? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?????.
??? ?????? ????, ????, ?????-???? ?????, ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????????.
??? ??????? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????. ??? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ????, ???? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????.
?????? ??? ?????????? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????????? ??? ?????.
????? ???? ????????
?????? ??????? (GB1720) 4 ????????? ???????????? ??? ??? ????? ?????.
???????? ?????? ???? ????? GB730 ?? ???????????? ?????? ??? ?????: ?????? ?????? 4 ? ??? ??? ????? ?????; ??????? ?????? 6 ?????? ??? ??? ????? ?????.
(3) ??????? ???????? ??? thickness ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ????????? ??? ?? ?????????? ??? ?????? 10um ? ????? ??? ?????; ???????? ???? 5um ? ????? ??? ?????.
(4) ???? ???? ??????????, ??? 48 ??????????? ????, JB4159 ?? ???????????? ?????? ??? ?????.
(5) ???? ?? ????????? ??????????, 10 ?? ??????????? ????, JB4159 ????? 2 ???????? ?????.
??????? ??????????, 28 ?? ??????????? ????, 2 ????????? GB2423.16 ????????? ???????? ?????.
??????? ??????
(1) ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????.
(2) ????? ??
???????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????, ????? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???.
(3) ?????? ????????????
???????? ?????? ????????? 500lx ??????????? ?? ?????? ??? ??.??. 250 ? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????.
(4) GB1720 ?? ???????????? ??????? ????? ???????
(5) GB8427 ?? GB8428 ?? ????????? ???? ???????? ???? ?????? ???.
(6) GB2423.17 ?? ???????????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????????.
GB2423.3 ???? ???? ?? ????????? ??????????.
??????? ??? ?????????? GB2423.16 ????? ??????? ???? ????.
???? ?????????
?????? ?????????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ????, ??? ????? ????????? ???? ?????????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??.
GB191 ???????, ???? ?? ???????? ??????
????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? GB730 ???? ???? ?????????
??? ??????? ????? ????? ???? GB1720 ??????
???????? ???????? ????? ????? ???? GB / T1731 ??????
GB / T1732 ????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ??????
GB / T1733 ????? ????? ?? ?????????? ????? ?????
GB / T1740 ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????????? ????? ?????
GB / T1766 ???? ????? ?? ???????? - ???? ??? ???? ????????? ?????? ?????
GB / T1771 ???? ????? ?? ???????? - ???? ????? ?????????? ????? ?????
?????? ????? ???????? ???? GB / T2633 ??????? ??????
GB / T2893 ?????? ?????
GB / T3979 ????? ???? ?????? ??????
GB / T4706 ?????? ?? ? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ????????
GB8898 ?????? ?? ? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ????????????? ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????
????? ???? GB9276 ????????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????
JT / T279 ??????? ????? ?? sign ? ??????? ???????? ????????
GB1804 ????? ?? ????????
GB11335 ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????
GB11335 ????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????
GB2423.3 ?????? ?? ????????????? ???????? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ????????? Ca: ???? ???? ??? ??????? ??????
GB2423.16 ?????? ?? ????????????? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????????
GB2423.17 ?????? ?? ????????????? ???????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? Ka: ???? ???? ??????? ??????
GB2828 ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? (????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ??)
GB3100 ?????????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ?????
?????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ????? thickness ??? ????? ???? GB4957 ??? ?????? ??????
GB8013 ?????????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ???????? ????????
GB8427 ?????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? - ?????? ???
GB8428 ?????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? - ????? ???
GB / T12967.1 ?? ?????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????
GB / T12967.2 ?? ?????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ????? ???????
?????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???? JB4159
??? ??? ??? ???? ????????!
??????? ??? ????? ???? - ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????????, ???? ???????? ??? ??????????? ???????? ????????? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ??. ??? ??? ???? ?????????? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ??????????? ?????????????? ? ?? ???? ??. ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????!
?????? ????: ???? -23-2020